Benzene

In 1834, Eilhardt Mitscherlich conducted vapor density measurements on benzene. Based on data from these experiments, he determined the molecular formula of benzene to be C₆H₆. This formula suggested that the benzene molecule should possess four modes of unsaturation because the saturated alkane with six carbon atoms would have a formula of C₆H₁₄. These unsaturations could exist as double bonds, a ring formation, or a combination of both.