Ion exchange chromatography is commonly used in the purification
of biological materials. There are two types of exchange: cation
exchange in which the stationary phase carries a negative charge,
and anion exchange in which the stationary phase carries a
positive charge. Charged molecules in the liquid phase pass
through the column until a binding site in the stationary phase
appears. The molecule will not elute from the column until a
solution of varying pH or ionic strength is passed through it.
Separation by this method is highly selective. Since the
resins are fairly inexpensive and high capacities can be used,
this method of separation is applied early in the overall process.
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